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In electronics, a battery is a combination
of two or more electrochemical cells which store chemical energy which can
be converted into electrical energy.
The nickel-cadmium battery (commonly abbreviated NiCd or
NiCad and pronounced "nye-cad") is a type of rechargeable battery
using nickel oxide hydroxide and metallic cadmium as electrodes.
Alkaline batteries are a type of disposable battery dependent upon
the reaction between zinc and manganese (IV) oxide (Zn/MnO2).
The alkaline battery gets its name because it has an alkaline electrolyte
of potassium hydroxide, as opposed to the acidic electrolyte of the zinc-carbon
batteries which are offered in the same nominal voltages and physical size
A nickel-metal hydride battery, abbreviated NiMH, is a type
of rechargeable battery similar to a nickel-cadmium (NiCd) battery but using
a hydrogen-absorbing alloy for the negative electrode instead of cadmium.
As in NiCd batteries, the positive electrode is nickel oxyhydroxide (NiOOH).
A NiMH battery can have two to three times the capacity of an equivalent
size NiCd. However, compared to the lithium-ion battery, the volumetric
energy density is lower and self-discharge is higher.
Lithium-ion batteries (sometimes abbreviated Li-ion batteries)
are a type of rechargeable battery in which a lithium ion moves between
the anode and cathode. The lithium ion moves from the anode to the cathode
during discharge and from the cathode to the anode when charging.
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